Month: December 2024

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Ambient History

Pesquisadorem Histria Ambiental (UFES) Summary: Adentramos century XXI in way to a vertiginous realidadedramtica and, of an ambient devastao in catastrophic ratios. The present article comes to present ambient history its origin, methods, concepts, subjects and sources ; to trace a panorama of as it is being made noBrasil e; while it disciplines producer of the historical knowledge, to detach suaimportncia as a tool basic and necessary to bring naturezade comes back to the arms of the man, as much in terms of formation of a conscinciaecolgica how much in terms of taking of action properly said. It has seen that, we are part of great ‘ ‘ aldeiahumana’ ‘ that this linked one, unconditionally, to the destination of the planet and ondeos problems the solutions, as well as, acting, are of interest all. The objective of the ambient history, that vaialm of the walls of the universities, is to make the man to be touched with the nature, being thus surpassed the distanciamento that it exists between both. (Source: Shaw Father). Words Keys: Ambient history/ncia Environment /Consci ecological Abstract: we to enter the twenty-firstcentury amid tragic and giddy reality, the environmental devastation of acatastrophic proportions.

This to paper presents the environmental history – itsorigins, methods, concepts, themes and sources -; you examine how it is being madein Braziland, a disciplines to producer of historical knowledge, highlight its importanceas basic and necessary tool will be bringing nature back into the arms ofman, both in terms of formation of ecological awareness and take action itself. Considering that we live in large ‘ ‘ village human’ ‘ that ploughs interconnected, unconditionally, the fate of the planet where the problems and solutions, aswell the actions, ploughs of interest you all. Goal The of Environmental History, which goes beyond the walls of universities, is you excites the man with nature, thus exceeding the distance – dichotomy – that is between them.

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Austria Purchasing

First the good news: the average purchasing power of Austrian grows 2013 not just nominally, but even in real terms by 0.5%. With an average of 19.875 euro per head we will be still the country with the highest purchasing power in the eurozone! The less good news is that our purchasing power de facto stagnated since 2008. Must we prepare ourselves now on a decade of stagnation? Trend: 2013 we will have EUR 500 more money in your Pocket! The average purchasing power of Austrian will be next year 19.875 euros. Thus, she will nominally rise 2.6%, which means even a real increase of 0.5% with an inflation expectation of 2.1%. Around 500 euros, that we will have in the Pocket more than in the current year are average. If this has piqued your curiosity, check out Shaw Father. Trend: The Edukators! Austria took second place in the Kaukfraftranking of the euro area countries though, but de facto, our purchasing power has stagnated since 2008.

This is unusual, because Austria’s purchasing power is both in the 1990s and the first years of the new millennium to good benefits grew. Also the slight declines in 2001 and 2002 were with good growth rates, in the next few years could well be overcome. Trend: We save 1.500,-euros a year! The currently available purchasing power of per head of 19.370,-euros, we put on the high edge around 1.500,-euros. This accounts for about 8% of our total purchasing power. In the early 1990s this savings rate was 15%. Real purchasing power in 2013: + 0.5%! RegioData research assumes nominally for the coming year a purchasing power growth of 2.6%. Considered in absolute terms, this means that we will have more money in your Pocket than this year at an average of around 500 euros per capita. This growth will mean even a real increase of 0.5%, taking into account of inflation expectations of around 2.1% for 2013.

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Sapwood Sapwood

Wood – the core of the tree trunk, which is used in joinery, construction and carving. The tree grows. In the spring of cambium forms a set of new cells. In the summer, and especially the fall of cambial activity decreases, cells become smaller and their walls are thicker. They like short cells are dark circles – the annual rings.

Every year, forest beauties wearing new robes (they are wrapped from top to bottom), but unlike Human gowns do not change much gowns (rings), so many years of a tree. In some rocks, tree rings stand out more clearly (pine, oak, etc.) and are visible to the naked eye, but otherwise barely visible. The closer to the top, the younger timber and the smaller growth rings, so the age of the tree must be determined by shear at the root. As the old growth tree growth rings acquire hardness and density. The closer to the bark, the wood is friable. Young layers of more not dead, and it upward move nutrients to ensure growth of the tree.

These layers are called sapwood. Layers adjacent to the core, called the kernel. The heartwood is darker, more strength and contains less moisture than sapwood. This feature is of practical importance when choosing a timber to carry goods in terms of their purpose and methods of treatment. Sapwood responds well to cutting, but less stable. The heartwood is cleaner and processed products of it more durable. Depending on the availability of the core, sapwood and ripe wood trees are divided into: sound – are the core and sapwood (pine, cedar, larch, etc.); sapwood – only have one sap wood (birch, alder, etc.); spelodrevesnye – are ripe wood and sapwood. The point here is that the hardwood moisture from the soil is fed through tubes – the vessels. In conifers such vessels there, the moisture rises through the cells, but they have channels called resin passages, which contain the resin. The wood of fir resin ducts has not. Core – inner, central part of the barrel – is composed of friable, fragile cells. The core passes through the barrel from the root to the top, and from there depart medullary rays. Each beam penetrates several growth rings. Medullary rays must be considered in the processing of wood. On them split sawn apart the trunk. Plane formed by the split, rough, with detachment, the result of the fact that the rays are not a continuous line from the root to the top, but are interrupted by segments.